Ulwazi lwe-Transformer

I-Transformer iyithuluzi elisebenzisa isimiso sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuguqula i-AC voltage.Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ikhoyili eyinhloko, ikhoyili yesibili kanye ne-iron core.

Emkhakheni we-elekthronikhi, ungabona kaningi isithunzi se-transformer, okuvame kakhulu kusetshenziselwa ukunikezwa kwamandla njenge-voltage yokuguqula, ukuhlukaniswa.

Ngamafuphi, isilinganiso se-voltage yamakhoyili ayisisekelo kanye nesesibili silingana nesilinganiso sokuphenduka kwamakhoyili ayisisekelo kanye nawesibili.Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukukhipha ama-voltages ahlukene, ungashintsha isilinganiso sokuphenduka kwamakhoyili.

Ngokusho kwama-frequency ahlukene okusebenza ama-transformers, ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa abe ama-low-frequency transformers kanye nama-high-frequency transformers.Isibonelo, empilweni yansuku zonke, imvamisa yefrikhwensi yamandla alternating current ngu-50Hz.Sibiza ama-transformer asebenza kule frequency low-frequency transformers;Imvamisa yokusebenza ye-high-frequency transformer ingafinyelela amashumi e-kHz kuya kumakhulu we-kHz.

Ivolumu ye-high-frequency transformer incane kakhulu kune-low-frequency transformer enamandla afanayo okukhipha

I-transformer iyingxenye enkulu kumjikelezo wamandla.Uma ufuna ukwenza ivolumu ibe mncane ngenkathi uqinisekisa amandla okukhiphayo, udinga ukusebenzisa i-high-frequency transformer.Ngakho-ke, ama-high-frequency transformers asetshenziswa ekushintsheni amandla kagesi.

Isimiso sokusebenza se-high frequency transformer kanye ne-low frequency transformer siyefana, kokubili okusekelwe kumgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic.Kodwa-ke, ngokwezinto zokwakha, "ama-cores" abo asebenzisa izinto ezahlukene.

Umgogodla wensimbi we-low-frequency transformer ngokuvamile unqwabelaniswa namashidi ensimbi amaningi e-silicon, kuyilapho umgogodla wensimbi we-high-frequency transformer yakhiwe ngezinto kazibuthe ezinemvamisa ephezulu (njenge-ferrite).(Ngakho-ke, umgogodla wensimbi we-high-frequency transformer ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi i-magnetic core)

Kusekhethi kagesi ozinzile we-DC, i-low-frequency transformer idlulisa isignali ye-sine wave.

Ekushintsheni isekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla, i-high-frequency transformer idlulisa isignali yamaza e-high-frequency pulse square.

Ngamandla alinganiselwe, isilinganiso phakathi kwamandla okukhipha kanye namandla okufaka we-transformer kubizwa ngokuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-transformer.Lapho amandla okukhipha we-transformer elingana namandla okufaka, ukusebenza kahle kungu-100%.Eqinisweni, i-transformer enjalo ayikho, ngoba ukulahlekelwa kwethusi nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi kukhona, i-transformer izoba nokulahlekelwa okuthile.

Kuyini ukulahlekelwa kwethusi?

Ngenxa yokuthi ikhoyili ye-transformer inokumelana okuthile, lapho okwamanje idlula ikhoyili, ingxenye yamandla izoba ukushisa.Ngenxa yokuthi ikhoyili ye-transformer ilinyazwe ngocingo lwethusi, lokhu kulahlekelwa kubizwa nangokuthi ukulahlekelwa kwethusi.

Kuyini ukulahleka kwensimbi?

Ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi ye-transformer ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa izici ezimbili: ukulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis nokulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy;Ukulahlekelwa kwe-Hysteresis kubhekisela ekutheni lapho ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kudlula ikhoyili, kuzokwenziwa imigqa yamagnetic yamandla ukuze idlule emnyombweni wensimbi, futhi ama-molecule angaphakathi kwensimbi azogudlana ukuze akhiphe ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kudle ingxenye yamandla kagesi;Ngenxa yokuthi umugqa wamandla kazibuthe udlula phakathi kwe-iron core, i-iron core izophinde ikhiqize amandla amanje.Ngenxa yokuthi i-current is swirling, ibizwa nangokuthi i-eddy current, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kuzosebenzisa amandla kagesi.